Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Process Flow Chart


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Pharmaceutical drugs are made to prevent, treat and cure various illnesses and diseases. They are curative, preventive and diagnostic in nature.
 You have prescription and non prescription drugs based on the composition and application of the medicine. Common non prescription drugs are skin lotions, creams, allergy drugs and some pain killers.
Medicines are used to treat pain, respiratory problems, endocrine problems and digestive issues. Other illnesses include respiratory, skeletal disorders, cardiovascular issues and eye infections.
Medicine is generally associated with substances administered for curative and preventive purposes. Entrepreneurs interested in going into the pharmaceutical industry need to have a full knowledge of prescription drugs.
Types of medicines
There are different types of medicines used for various ailments. We have those best suited for digestive problems, cardiovascular issues and central nervous systems.
Some pharmaceutical drugs are made to relieve pain such as analgesics, eye infections, muscular- skeletal disorders and respiratory problems.
More include endocrine problems, reproductive challenges, skin problems and urinary tract infections. Nutritional drugs are not left out including allergy disorders, infections, immune system problems and for contraception.
Pharmaceutical drug classification
There are three broad ways pharmaceutical drugs are classified.  One group is differentiated along the line of vaccines, therapies, blood products and biopharmaceuticals.
Another is prescription drugs only dispensed by a qualified pharmacist. And the third groups are medicine that has a therapeutic effect on the patient.
Classification based on origin of the drug includes mineral origin, herbal origin or chemical synthesis. Other origins are microbial such as antibiotics, chemical, hormones, and enzymes.
More include radioactive substances, biotechnology, genetic or partial chemical synthesis
Classes of medicinal drugs
The classes of medicinal drugs include tranquilizers, stimulants, pravastatin, oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. Others are mood stabilizers, antiseptics, and anti-malaria drugs, analgesics and antipyretics.
Pharmaceutical drug development
The development of a pharmaceutical drug goes through many stages before approval for sales. The development is carried out by scientist, lab technicians and academicians.
The product goes through development, product testing and certification. From the developmental stages through the internal and external test to production could take about 10 years.
Every produced drug goes through government regulatory bodies, intense testing and certification. There are also international standards and regulations guiding the production.
Drug manufacturing
Manufactured drugs are synthesis in an industrial scale. The medicine goes through several stages before getting the actual product.
 The manufacturing process starts with the formulation and developmental stages. The next stages are blending process, milling and granulation. If the drug is administered orally then the manufacturers use the hot melt extrusion method.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing process
Formulation
The formulation process is lengthy and tedious because the actual composition is determined. Scientists go through a rigorous process of combining the drugs composition.
 The raw materials are diverse and complex depending on the drug. They need to evaluate measurements, effects, stability and other complex calculations.
After formulation the mode of delivery is also factored. The manufacturer needs to determine if the medicine is administered orally, capsulated, liquid or administered as a vaccine.
Blending
Once the formulation and precise calculations are reached then it goes through blending. Different compounds are blended together in precise measurement.
 The purpose is to establish precise dose during administration of the drug. The different compounds are blended in a controlled and precise manner to achieve consistency.
Every capsule has the exact amount of the drug for proper administration.
Milling
The compounds used in the drug might require milling. Milling reduces the average size of particles into powdery substances.
This provides drug uniformity, same dose and easy compounding. Capsules are filled with a combination of milled compounds to form the drug.
Granulation
Granulation binds smaller particles to make a large granule. This is common place in tablet manufacturing process. The granule contains all the essential proportions found in the tablet.
Hot melt extrusion
Hot melt extrusion is generally used to produce oral drugs. It increases solubility in poor soluble drugs and enables easier usage.
The process of hot melt extrusion involves pressure, extruding process and heat. It effectively reduces particles and mixes materials together.

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